A Case of Ingesting Multiple Magnets Removed by Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection / 대한소화기내시경학회지

Foreign body ingestion is common in children, but magnet ingestion is rare. Ingestion of one magnet does not creat a serious problem; however, ingesting multiple magnet can lead to hazardous complications such as pressure necrosis, intestinal perforation, fistula formation, obstruction and intestinal volvulus. Most cases with complications after multiple magnet ingestion require surgical intervention. We report a case of a fistula following the ingestion of seven small, flat and round magnets that were removed successfully by endoscopic submucosal dissection without surgery.

Two Cases of Oropharyngeal Edema Caused by a Bee Sting / 대한소화기내시경학회지

Hymenoptera stings can result in local and systematic symptoms due to their toxic and allergic contents. Although serious sequela are rare, the occurrence of an anaphylactic reaction is considered to be very dangerous and can potentially cause death. Oropharyngeal stings, though infrequent, can cause local edema and airway obstruction due to an anaphylactic reaction and requires immediate epinephrine, antihistamine, steroid treatment and close observation over several days. Careful observation of the oropharyngeal and laryngopharyngeal area using upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is highly recommended, especially for detection of possible edematous swelling in the arytenoid cartilage area. Here we report two cases of patients complaining pain due to edematous swelling in the arytenoid cartilage area caused by hymenoptera stings after accidentally drinking water with a bee in it.

A case of Graves' disease associated with myasthenia gravis and complicated with moyamoya disease / 대한내과학회지

Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a cerebrovascular disorder characterized by bilateral stenosis or occlusion of the terminal portions of the internal carotid arteries. MMD is also accompanied by typical net-like collateral vessels in the basal ganglia. Although the etiology of MMD remains unknown, hereditary, immunogenic, and hemodynamic factors have been implicated as underlying mechanisms of MMD. Here, the authors report on one patient with a rare combination of Graves' disease-associated thyrotoxicosis, myasthenia gravis, and MMD, where cerebrovascular ischemic events occurred during a thyrotoxic state.